ALL ABOUT ORANGUTANS - KOMODO DRAGON AND MOUNT RINJANI - Indonesia Adventure

Orangutans are large apes that live in southeast Asia (on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra). These apes mostly live in trees (they are arboreal) and swing from branch to branch using their arms.

The word orangutan means "man of the forest" in the Malay language. As its habitats are being usurped by man, the orangutan's population is decreasing and it is in grave danger of extinction.

ANATOMY
Orangutans have a large, bulky body, a thick neck, very long, strong arms, short, bowed legs, and no tail. Orangutans are about 2/3 the size of the gorilla.

Hair:
They are mostly covered with long reddish-brown hair.

The Head:
The orangutan has a large head with a prominent mouth area. Adult males have large cheek flaps (which get larger as the ape ages).

Senses:
Orangutans have senses very similar to ours, including hearing, sight, smell, taste, and touch.

Hands and Feet:
Orangutan hands are very much like ours; they have four long fingers plus an opposable thumb. Their feet have four long toes plus an opposable big toe. Orangutans can grasp things with both their hands and their feet. The largest males have an arm span of about 7.5 feet (2.3 m).

SIZE
Orangutans are about 2/3 the size of the gorilla.

DIET
Orangutans are omnivores (they eat both plants and animals) but are mostly herbivorous (plants comprise most of their diet). They eat fruit (their favorite food), leaves, seeds, tree bark, plant bulbs, tender plant shoots, and flowers. They also eat insects and small animals (like birds and small mammals)

Orangutans don't even have to leave their tree branches to drink, they drink water that has collected in the holes between tree branches.

INTELLIGENCE AND LANGUAGE
Orangutans are very intelligent. They have been known to use found objects as tools; for example, they use leaves as umbrellas to keep the rain from getting them wet. They also use leaves as cups to help them drink water.

BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL HABITS
Orangutans are shy, solitary animals that are active during the day (they are diurnal). They live alone in large territories. This is probably due to their eating habits; they need a large area in order to get enough food and too many orangutans in one area might lead to starvation.

The only long-lasting orangutan social group is the mother and offspring, who live together for about 7 years. When mating, the male and female orangutan stay together for only a few days.

Sleeping Platforms:
Each evening, orangutans construct a "nest" in the tree branches for the night in which they will curl up and sleep. These nests are made out of leaves and branches. Nests are shared by a mother and her nursing offspring. Sometimes, the orangutan will use a leaf as a "roof" to protect itself from the rain. Orangutans often nap in the afternoon after a morning spent obtaining food.

COMMUNICATION AND VOCALIZATION
Male orangutans are capable of very long, loud calls (called "long calls") that carry through forests for up to 0.6 mile (1 km). The "long call" is made up of a series of sounds followed by a bellow. These calls help the male claim his territory, call to females, and keep out intruding male orangutans. Males have a large throat sac that lets them make these loud calls.

LOCOMOTION
Orangutans usually move by swinging from one branch to another; this is called brachiating. Orangutans can also walk using their legs (but rarely do). Orangutans do not swim.

LIFE SPAN
Orangutans live about 50 years in captivity; their life span in the wild is only 30-45 years (like most animals, they live longer in captivity).

HABITAT
Orangutans live in tropical rain forests.

DISTRIBUTION
Orangutans live in Asia. They are the only great ape from Asia. They are found in tropical rain forests in northern Sumatra, Indonesia and in low-lying swamps in Borneo. Subspecies (perhaps a subspecies) Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus (From Borneo, with a round face and dark red hair ;) Subspecies (perhaps a subspecies) Pongo pygmaeus abelii (From Sumatra, with a narrow face and paler hair.

REPRODUCTION AND BABY ORANGUTANS - Mammal
Orangutans are mature and capable of reproducing beginning when they are 7 to 10 years old. Females are pregnant for 8.5 to 9 months and give birth to a single baby. Young orangutans are weaned from their mothers at about 6-7 years of age.

NATURAL ENEMIES
The animal that poses the biggest threat to the orangutan is man (who uses its habitat and sells young orangutans as pets).

POPULATION
Orangutans are an endangered species. They are decreasing in numbers quickly as they lose habitat to people. Further aggravating the problem, baby orangutans are caught and sold around the world as pets.

THE EVOLUTION OF ORANGUTANS - Mammals
The earliest-known primates date from about 70 million years ago (Macdonald, 1985). The greater apes (family Pongidae, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, and orangutans) split off from the lesser apes (family Hylobatidae, gibbons and siamangs) 20 million years ago.

Municipalities & Districts
West Kotawaringin - Pangkalan Bun
Tanjung Puting National Park
Tanjung Puting National Park is the famous park with reservation and rehabilitation for Orang Utan, is also home to many kind of monkeys like Owa-owa, Bekantan and Ungko. In the park is also to find many kind of birds especially kingfisher, hornbill, etc. The Tanjung Puting National Park is located on the south coast of the world's third largest tropical rain forest of Borneo. The park consist of 300,40 hectars (741.100 acres). The soil in Tanjung Puting National Park consist of yellow red-podsolic, laterite, organosol, podsol, gleil humus and alluvial. The area is predominantly flat, undulating to an altitude 0 - 100 meters above sea level. The types of vegetation existing in the park include low-land tropical mangrove forest. Among tree species commonly found are ramin, jelutung, kayu besi, meranti and keruing. A traditional village Kinipan located closely to Kladurapid on Lamandau river or more up-stream of the river until to Kudangan, is a nice place to visit. The house aged more than one hundreded years are still well mantained, river transportation in the first choice to reach the village both speed boat or motor boat.

• Komodo Dragon Tour

Among the thousands of small islands of Indonesia is one called Komodo a mountainous stretch of volcanic rock covered with grass, palms, and small pockets of jungle. This little island, 22 miles (35 km) long, along with a few others nearby, is the sole habitat of the world's largest lizard. The people of Komodo call this animal ora.

• Rinjani Volcano Trekking

June 9th 2004 - A prestigious 2004 World Legacy Award for environmental and social leaders in tourism was given to the Rinjani Trek Management Board by Conservation International (CI) and National Geographic Traveler magazine, in a ceremony at the National Geographic Society in Washington DC on 8 June 2004. The Rinjani Trek in Gunung Rinjani National Park in Lombok Indonesia was the winner of the Destination Stewardship Award.

• Orangutan (mammal) Borneo Trip
  
The Orangutan is a great ape with long arms and reddish brown fur. Orangutans are presently found only in rainforests on Borneo and Sumatra, though they were once widely distributed in southeast Asia (as far as southern China). Today orangutans are highly endangered in the wild due to habitat loss (the destruction of rainforests for logging and agriculture) and the illegal trapping of baby orangutans for the pet trade. WWF estimates there were around 55,000 Bornean orangutans in 2004, but the number has since dropped largely as a result of widespread forest fires and increased clearing for oil palm plantations.

• Lombok Optional Trips
Lombok and Gili Islands are perfect for travelers searching for peace, tranquility and relaxation: guests spend their time under the warm sun next to the beach, relaxing by the pool or snorkeling in the peaceful ocean in front of the hotel where numerous fish inhabit the corals of the Indian Sea.

Gili Tralala or otherwise known as Gili Trawangan, the party island of the the Gili’s. Just kick back and enjoy the sun, nightly beach parties and sea. The main stripe is full of accommodations, restaurants, and dive shops. If you are seeking a quieter place to stay there are bungalows in the village and towards the north. This Island is also known as Party Island, where mostly young European find themselves Lost In Paradise.

Gili Meno is the smallest of the three Gili's and it is the quietest. A great escape for honeymooners or someone who wants to get away from it all. Special features of the island is the salt lake and spectacular dive sites such as, Meno Wall, Sea Turtle Point, and Blue Coral Point. In the past Meno was known to have lots of mosquitoes but steps have been taken to control it. Still the best time to visit the island is during dry season.

Gili Air is the nearest Gili to Lombok. It is also the most populated and you will find more trees there than the other Gili's. The original inhabitants are: The Sasak and some sailors from Southern Sulawesi consisting of three main ethnicities; Mandar, Bugis and Makassar. It is the only island where you can find their unique culture that is different from Lombok and wonderful beaches. Many of the older generation still make their living as boatmen, fisherman and farming coconuts.

• Flight Schedules
To block your confirm flight from Bali to your destination during the expedition, please advise us of the names of each client at least two months before arrival date ( this is very important )We recommend you to purchase domestic airline tickets locally. Korindo-Network Group can assist in reserving and securing a seat for you. This recommendation is made due to the fact that the airline offices in towns of Flores and Pangkalan Bun - Centre of Borneo and surrounding prefer the passenger to pay them directly. This allows them to give priority to our seat reservations.

• Lombok Hotels | Villa | Bungalow | Resort Directory
Lombok is one of becoming tourist destinations in Indonesia and the Location is just next to Bali. IF you visit Lombok, you will see both side Sasak the original Lombok People and Balinese. For welcoming you to Lombok, the infrastructure is needed. So We Offers you some various Kinds of Accommodations on the Island of Lombok such as Gili Island, Senggigi, Kuta Lombok, Senaru Village and Sapit Village etc.

• Insight the Primates - Mammals
Orangutans are large, intelligent great apes with medium long orange-brown fur, large heads and sturdy bodies, long arms, short bowed legs, and no tails. Their hands are similar to human hands with four long fingers and a thumb. Orangutans walk on legs and arms, but are able to stand and walk short distances on two legs. Both types of orangutans live in the tropical rainforest of Asia; one type on the island of Borneo and the other on Sumatra.

• WHAT IS ECOTOURISM?
Meet the High Priest of Ecotourism, Hector Ceballos-Lascurian How high? He actually coined the term back in 1983. Ceballos-Lascurian, an engaging enthusiast is one of Mexico's top architects, Director-General cf the International Consultancy on Ecotourism, and special advisor to the World Conservation Union. He's carried the ecotourism gospel to more than 60 countries and has just completed his first mission to the Pacific Islands. I am tremendously impressed by the South Pacific's,

KOMODO NATIONAL PARK
Nestled between eastern Sumbawa and western Flores lie three tiny grass-covered islands Komodo, Padar and Rinca, which together form the Komodo National Park, a protected wildlife reserve. This is the home of the giants lizard known as the Komodo Dragon it was thought to be a myth until the turn of the century, when fishermen who were forced by a storm to take shelter on Komodo sight the monsters. Komodo National Park has widely known with the home of the giant lizard Komodo Dragon - which has just declare to be one of the latest heritage of the world. Komodo National Park is nestled between eastern Sumbawa and western Flores lie three tiny grass-covered islands Komodo, Padar and Rinca, which together form the Komodo National Park,

GUNUNG RINJANI NATIONAL PARK
The park covers an area of 41,330 ha on the northern part of Lombok and locates the three administrative district of - West, East and Central Lombok. The area covers 12,357.67 ha in the west, 22,152.88 ha in the east and 6,819.45 ha in central Lombok. Rinjani dominates the National Park of Lombok, an island east of Bali on the Indonesian archipelago. At 3726m it is the second highest volcano in Indonesia, part of the infamous ring of fire that encircles the basin of the Pacific. Within the crater is the spectacular Segara Anak lake and the still – active volcano Gunung Baru (2,363m)

ORANG UTAN (mammals) RESERVED - NATIONAL PARK
Located in the peninsula on the south coast of the world's third largest tropical rain forest of Borneo, in Indonesian province of Central Kalimantan, the park consist of 300.040 hectares (741,100 acres). Started as a game reserve for the protection of orangutans in 1936 and 1937, it was upgraded to a National Park in 1982. It is the only protected area in South East Asia with vast tract of wetlands, lowland, mature tropical heath and swamp Forests with large rookeries that provide breeding grounds for a wide population of waterfowl. The needs of Orangutans and other primates are also available in the park, such as the 600 species of trees which van be consumed by them. over 200 species of orchid, at least 220 species,

LOMBOK ISLAND TOUR
LOMBOK(tour) has an enormous potential in areas such as history, cultural heritage, old traditions, excellent handicrafts and interesting local communities such as the Buddhist villages in Lombok’s north – west highlands. Splendid beaches lining the southern coast and fertile rice terraces are dominant around the foothills of Mount Rinjani(trekking) in East Lombok.

Belonging to the Indonesian Province of West Nusa Tenggara, Lombok(tour) comprises of three administrative areas: West Lombok(tours), Central Lombok(tour) and East Lombok(tour). The capital is Mataram in West Lombok(tour) which also is the capital for the Province of West Nusa Tenggara (Lombok tour / Sumbawa tour). The west coast is the most populated area and is historically rather significant. Having been colonized by the Balinese Rajas and later by the Dutch, an array of interesting heritage buildings can be explored and studied. Balinese are still living in West Lombok(tours) and their temples are plentiful in and around Mataram.

Lomboks(tour) ethnic population is the Sasak people who are of Islamic religion but in parts they still adhere to traditional customs such as ancestor worship and animism. Apart from the Sasaks and Balinese, Lombok(tour) comprises of communities such as the Arabs, Chinese and Buddhists. The cultural display of these groups is fascinating.

And of course there is Mount Rinjani(trekking), Lombok’s(tour) awesome volcano with stunning views over Bali, Sumbawa and Flores. The crater lake features a smaller volcano adding to the dramatic scenery of this spiritual area. Mount Rinjani Treks(trekking) are an unforgettable experience but should only be attempted by fit and healthy people.

East Lombok(tour) is the centre of exquisite arts and crafts and the area features splendid country sides for soft trekking, refreshing in stunning waterfalls, exploring tropical flora and fauna and learning about the outstanding colorful traditions. The area also comprises of the best coral reefs and white sand atolls far away from commercial tourism.

An important cultural part of LOMBOK(tour) is the art of weaving and pottery and we offer programs to learn these technique whilst staying in village houses.

Outback trips to isolated villages, Sasak music performances in far away mountain hamlets and agriculturally inspired tours as well as pearl farm visits are part of our very different itineraries.

But of course you also can laze on white sandy beaches, go scuba diving with the most professional providers or enjoy sunset trips on typical wooden perahus, the traditional local fishing boats.
Be surprised by the beauty and variation you can find on Lombok, a pristine paradise 20 minutes by plane from Bali.

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